Failed to initialize NVML: Driver/Library mismatch on Jetson Orin Nano

Issue Overview

Users are encountering the error message “Failed to initialize NVML: Driver/Library version mismatch” when attempting to run nvidia-smi after installing CUDA on the Jetson Orin Nano. Specifically, the error indicates a mismatch between the NVML library version (540.03) and the installed driver version. This issue typically arises during the setup phase, particularly after following installation guides for Ubuntu 22.04. The problem has been reported consistently by multiple users, indicating it is not an isolated incident. The impact of this issue significantly hinders users’ ability to utilize GPU functionalities, which are critical for various applications, including AI and machine learning projects.

Possible Causes

1. Driver Version Mismatch: The installed NVIDIA driver may not be compatible with the version of CUDA being used, leading to the NVML initialization failure.

2. Incorrect Installation of Software: Following unofficial or incorrect installation guides may lead to improper configurations or missing components.

3. JetPack Compatibility: Users may be using a JetPack version that is not fully compatible with the installed Ubuntu version or CUDA.

4. Environmental Factors: Issues such as power supply inconsistencies or overheating could potentially affect hardware performance and lead to initialization errors.

5. User Misconfiguration: Incorrect configurations during the installation process could also lead to conflicts between software components.

Troubleshooting Steps, Solutions & Fixes

1. Verify Driver and CUDA Versions:

   • Check the installed driver version using:

     cat /proc/driver/nvidia/version
     

   • Ensure that the CUDA version matches the driver requirements as specified in NVIDIA’s documentation.

2. Reinstall Drivers and CUDA:

   • Uninstall existing drivers and CUDA:

     sudo apt-get remove --purge '^nvidia-.*'
     sudo apt-get remove --purge '^cuda-.*'
     

   • Reinstall the appropriate versions of drivers and CUDA following the official NVIDIA installation guide for Jetson Orin Nano.

3. Use JetPack SDK:

   • It is recommended to use JetPack SDK for installation as it ensures compatibility with all components.
   • Download JetPack SDK from NVIDIA’s official site and follow the installation instructions provided there.

4. Check for Updates:

   • Ensure that all packages are up-to-date:

     sudo apt-get update
     sudo apt-get upgrade
     

5. Use Recovery Mode:

   • If issues persist, boot into recovery mode and attempt to reinstall JetPack or flash a new image using the SDK Manager.

6. Consult Logs for Errors:

   • Use the log files generated during installation for troubleshooting:

     cd ~/NVIDIA_SDK_Manager/logs/
     

   • Look for errors related to NVML or driver installations.

7. Community Support:

   • Engage with community forums for additional insights or similar experiences from other users.
   • Refer to NVIDIA’s Developer Forums for updates on potential fixes or workarounds that may be under development.

8. Recommended Approach:

   • Many users have reported success by reverting to an earlier stable version of JetPack (e.g., JetPack 5.x) if they encounter issues with JetPack 6.x, as it is still in developer preview.

By following these steps, users can diagnose and potentially resolve the NVML initialization error on their Jetson Orin Nano devices while ensuring better compatibility moving forward.